Okuqukethwe okulandelayo kuhunyushwa kusuka emthonjeni wesi-Chinese ngokuhumusha komshini ngaphandle kokuhlela.
Ungayikhetha kanjani inkampani efanelekile yokuhumusha i-patent yesiNgisi ukuze uqinisekise ukunemba nokusebenza okusemthethweni kwemibhalo yelungelo lobunikazi
Ngokuqhubeka nokudlondlobala kwezimboni, ayanda amabhizinisi anaka ukusetshenziswa nokuvikelwa kwamalungelo obunikazi omhlaba. Kule nqubo, ukuhumusha kwelungelo lobunikazi kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ukuhunyushwa kwamadokhumenti elungelo lobunikazi akudingi nje kuphela ukuxhumana okunembile kokuqukethwe kobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi kufanele kuhambisane nezidingo zomthetho zamazwe ahlukene ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni kwamalungelo obunikazi. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha inkampani efanelekile yokuhumusha i-patent yesiNgisi kubaluleke kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungayikhetha kanjani inkampani ethembekile yokuhumusha i-patent yesiNgisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokusebenza okusemthethweni kwemibhalo yelungelo lobunikazi.
1.Imininingwane yokuhumusha kwelungelo lobunikazi
Ukuhumusha kwelungelo lobunikazi kuhlukile ekuhunyushweni kwedokhumenti yebhizinisi evamile. Ayibandakanyi nje kuphela amagama ochwepheshe emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi idinga ukuqonda okujulile kwemibandela yomthetho, ukufaneleka kwamalungelo obunikazi, kanye nobubanzi bokuvikelwa kwelungelo lobunikazi. Amaphutha ekuhumusheni kwelungelo lobunikazi angase abe usongo kumalungelo obunikazi futhi aze awenze angavumelekile. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhethwa inkampani yokuhumusha, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ubuchwepheshe bayo emkhakheni wokuhumusha i-patent. Ukukhethekile kokuhumusha kwelungelo lobunikazi kubonakala kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
Ezobuchwepheshe: Izinkambu zobuchwepheshe ezihilelekile kumadokhumenti elungelo lobunikazi ngokuvamile ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi abahumushi kudingeka babe nolwazi oluhambisanayo lobungcweti ukuze baqonde futhi baveze amagama obuchwepheshe ngokunembile.
Okusemthethweni: Amadokhumenti elungelo lobunikazi anomphumela wezomthetho, futhi lapho kuhunyushwa, ukubaluleka okungokomthetho kwelungelo lobunikazi kufanele kudluliselwe ngokunembile ukuze kugwenywe amaphutha okuhumusha angaholela ezingxabano zomthetho.
Ifomethi nesakhiwo: Amadokhumenti elungelo lobunikazi anezidingo zefomethi eqinile, futhi ukuhumusha kufanele kuhambisane nokucaciswa kwefomethi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthobela nokuphelela.
2.Izici ezibalulekile lapho ukhetha inkampani yokuhumusha i-patent yesiNgisi
Ukukhetha inkampani efanelekile yokuhumusha ilungelo lobunikazi akuwona umsebenzi olula. Okulandelayo yizici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sokukhetha:
(1) Ubungcweti bezinkampani zokuhumusha
Ukuhumusha kwelungelo lobunikazi kuwumsebenzi okhethekile kakhulu, ngakho-ke, noma ngabe inkampani yokuhumusha inolwazi namakhono ochwepheshe ekuhumusheni kwelungelo lobunikazi yikona okucatshangelwayo lapho ukhetha. Inkampani efanelekile yokuhumusha kufanele ibe nolwazi lwesikhathi eside ekuhumusheni ilungelo lobunikazi futhi ikwazi ukuhlanganisa imikhakha yezobuchwepheshe ehlukahlukene, efana ne-electronics, ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, i-biology, imishini, njll. Ngale ndlela, inkampani inganikeza izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ngokuvumelana nezidingo zekhasimende. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani zokuhumusha kufanele zibe nethimba labahumushi elichwepheshile, okuhlanganisa abahumushi abanezizinda zobuchwepheshe kanye nochwepheshe abajwayelene nemithetho yelungelo lobunikazi. Bangaqinisekisa ukuqonda okunembile nokuhumusha kokuqukethwe kwelungelo lobunikazi phakathi nenqubo yokuhumusha, ngaleyo ndlela baqinisekise ikhwalithi yokuhumusha.
(2) Izimfanelo nesizinda sabahumushi
Izinkampani ezihumusha amalungelo obunikazi ngokuvamile ziqasha abahumushi abanezizinda zobuchwepheshe ezifanele. Iziqu nesizinda sabahumushi kuthinta ngokuqondile ukunemba kokuhumusha kwelungelo lobunikazi. Lapho kukhethwa, kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi inkampani yokuhumusha inganikeza abasebenzi ngezizinda zezemfundo ezifanele kanye nolwazi lokuhumusha. Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukuhumusha amalungelo obunikazi emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi, umhumushi kufanele abe neziqu zobunjiniyela be-elekthronikhi noma ama-majors ahlobene kanye nolwazi olucebile ekuhumusheni kwelungelo lobunikazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abahumushi kufanele futhi babe nokuqonda kwamagama omthetho welungelo lobunikazi, njengoba ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni kwamalungelo obunikazi kudinga ukuvezwa kolimi. Abahumushi abanezizinda ezimbili kuphela kubuchwepheshe nasemthethweni abangaqinisekisa ukuthi amadokhumenti elungelo lobunikazi awalahlekelwa ukufaneleka okusemthethweni kombhalo wangempela phakathi nenqubo yokuhumusha.
(3) Isistimu yokulawula yekhwalithi yokuhumusha
Ukunemba kokuhumusha kwelungelo lobunikazi kuyisici esibalulekile, ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi izinkampani zokuhumusha zibe nohlelo olusebenzayo lokulawula ikhwalithi. Izinkampani zokuhumusha ngokuvamile zisungula izinqubo eziqinile zokuhlola amaphutha ukuze ziqinisekise ukunemba nokuvumelana kokuqukethwe okuhunyushiwe. Ngokuvamile, izinkampani zokuhumusha zizohlela abahloli bokuhlola abangochwepheshe ukuze bahlole imiphumela yokuhumusha futhi baqinisekise ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye yedokhumenti yelungelo lobunikazi iyahambisana yini nokuqukethwe kobuchwepheshe kanye nezimfuneko zomthetho zombhalo wokuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinkampani zokuhumusha ezichwepheshile nazo zisebenzisa amathuluzi okuhumusha asizwa ngekhompiyutha (amathuluzi e-CAT) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvumelana nokusebenza kahle ekuhumusheni. Amathuluzi e-CAT angasiza abahumushi balondoloze ukuvumelana kwamagama kuzo zonke izinguqulo eziningi futhi bagweme amaphutha okuhumusha.
(4) Idumela kanye nezwi lomlomo lenkampani yokuhumusha
Idumela kanye nezwi lomlomo lezinkampani zokuhumusha nakho kuyizici ezibalulekile ezingenakuzitshwa ohlelweni lokukhetha. Ngokuqonda ukuhlolwa kwamanye amaklayenti, kungasiza ukuhlola amakhono enkampani kanye nekhwalithi yesevisi. Inkampani enedumela elihle ivamise ukuba nolwazi olucebile lokuhumusha kanye nemiphumela yokuhumusha yekhwalithi ephezulu, enganikeza amakhasimende amasevisi wokuhumusha welungelo lobunikazi wekhwalithi ephezulu. Ungafunda mayelana nokusebenza kwenkampani emkhakheni wokuhumusha ilungelo lobunikazi ngokubonisana nezifundo eziyisibonelo noma izincwadi zekhasimende kuwebhusayithi yenkampani yokuhumusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungase futhi uthintane nontanga noma ochwepheshe ngaphakathi embonini ukuze uthole imibono yereferensi eyengeziwe.
(5) Izindleko nesikhathi sokulethwa
Lapho ukhetha inkampani yokuhumusha, izindleko nesikhathi sokulethwa nakho kuyizici okufanele zicatshangelwe. Nakuba intengo kungafanele ibe yizinga elithuthukisiwe lokukhethwa, ibhalansi phakathi kwezindleko ezinengqondo nesevisi yekhwalithi ephezulu ibalulekile. Amanani aphansi angase asho ikhwalithi ephansi yokuhumusha, kuyilapho izindleko eziphezulu zingase zeqe isabelomali. Mayelana nesikhathi sokulethwa, ukuhumusha kwelungelo lobunikazi kuvame ukubandakanya izimfuneko zesikhathi esiqinile, ngakho-ke, ukukhetha inkampani yokuhumusha engaletha ngesikhathi kubalulekile. Inkampani yokuhumusha izothuthukisa ishejuli yokulethwa ephusile esekelwe kubunkimbinkimbi nokuphuthuma kwephrojekthi, futhi iqedele umsebenzi wokuhumusha ngesikhathi okuvunyelwene ngaso.
3.Ukuvikelwa Kokufaneleka Okusemthethweni Kokuhumusha Kwelungelo Lobunikazi
Umgomo omkhulu wokuhumusha kwelungelo lobunikazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba semthethweni kwemibhalo yelungelo lobunikazi. Uma ukuhumusha kungalungile, kungase kuholele ekuvinjweni kwelungelo lobunikazi ngisho nezingxabano zezomthetho. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha inkampani yokuhumusha, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inkampani ingaqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela yokuhumusha ihambisana nezimfuneko zomthetho.
(1) Ukuhunyushwa okunembile kwamagama angokomthetho
Ukusetshenziswa kwamagama omthetho ezincwadini zelungelo lobunikazi kuyahluka kulokho olimi oluvamile, futhi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhunyushwa kwegama ngalinye elingokomthetho kunembile. Isibonelo, incazelo yamagama anjengokuthi “funa” kulungelo lobunikazi ihlukile encazelweni yayo olimini oluvamile, futhi amaphutha okuhumusha angase aholele ekushintsheni kobubanzi bokuvikelwa kwelungelo lobunikazi, ngaleyo ndlela athinte ukusebenza okusemthethweni kwelungelo lobunikazi. Ukuze kugwenywe ubungozi obunjalo, izinkampani zokuhumusha kufanele zibe nabahumushi bezomthetho abangochwepheshe abanolwazi lwamagama ngaphansi kwezinhlelo zomthetho ezihlukene futhi badlulise ngokunembile izimfuneko zomthetho zamalungelo obunikazi. Abahumushi abanjalo bangaqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza okusemthethweni kokuhumushwa kwelungelo lobunikazi akuphazanyiswa.
(2) Ukubuyekeza okusemthethweni ngemva kokuhumusha
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okusemthethweni kokuhunyushwa kwelungelo lobunikazi, izinkampani zokuhumusha ngokuvamile zihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokubuyekezwa kwezomthetho. Ngokuba nethimba lezomthetho elichwepheshile elibuyekeza amadokhumenti ahunyushiwe, singakwazi ukuhlonza ngokushesha noma yiziphi izinkinga futhi sigweme amaphutha okuhumusha ukuthi athinte kabi ukuvikelwa kwelungelo lobunikazi. Ezinye izinkampani zabahumushi futhi zisebenzisana nabameli belungelo lobunikazi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi okuqukethwe okuhunyushiwe kuhambisana nezidingo zomthetho welungelo lobunikazi wezwe okuqondiwe kulo. Lokhu kubambisana kungaqinisekisa ngokuqhubekayo ikhwalithi yokuhumusha futhi kuthuthukise ukuvikeleka okusemthethweni phakathi nenqubo yokufaka isicelo selungelo lobunikazi.
Ukukhetha inkampani efanelekile yokuhumusha i-patent yesiNgisi kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukunemba nokuba semthethweni kwemibhalo yelungelo lobunikazi. Enqubweni yokukhetha, ukunaka okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ezicini ezinjengobungcweti benkampani yokuhumusha, isizinda sabahumushi, uhlelo lokulawula ikhwalithi yokuhumusha, isithunzi senkampani, nezindleko nesikhathi sokulethwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiqinisekiso sokusebenza ngokusemthethweni futhi siyisici esibalulekile esingenakuzitshwa lapho kukhethwa inkampani yokuhumusha. Ngokukhetha ngokucophelela, ikhwalithi yokuhumusha yemibhalo yelungelo lobunikazi ingaqinisekiswa kakhulu, inikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile kwezomthetho ekuthuthukisweni kwamazwe ngamazwe kwamabhizinisi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-09-2025