Okuqukethwe okulandelayo kuhunyushwa kusuka emthonjeni waseChinese ngokuhunyushwa komshini ngaphandle kokuhlela ngemuva.
Lo mbhalo uhlose ukuhlola ukubaluleka nokufunwa kwenguqulo yasikhathi sinye saseRussia, okuwukusungula amabhuloho okuxhumana futhi uzuze inkhulumomphendvulwano engenamthungo. Okokuqala, i-athikili yethula incazelo nokusebenza kweRussia kanyekanye, bese kuhlaziya izinhlelo zayo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Kamuva, le ndatshana icacisa ngokuningiliziwe ngezici ezine zamabhuloho wokuxhumana, kufaka phakathi ikhono lobuchwepheshe labahumushi, ikhono eliphelele lesicelo solimi namasiko, amakhono okuxhumana, kanye nobuhlakani obungokomzwelo. Ngemuva kwalokho, le ndatshana yafingqa ukusungulwa kwamabhuloho okuxhumana kanye nengxoxo engenamthungo ekuhumusheni kanyekanye kwe-Russian kanyekanye.
1. Ukuchazwa kanye nomsebenzi wokuhumusha kanyekanye waseRussia ngasikhathi sinye
Ukuhumusha ngasikhathi sinye saseRussia kubhekisele endleleni yokuhumusha ebhekele ukuhumusha okuqukethwe kwezilimi kolimi lomthombo (isiRussia) kulimi oluqondiwe ngesikhathi sangempela ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhumusha. Idlala indima ebalulekile ezingqungqutheleni zamazwe aphesheya, izingxoxo zebhizinisi, ukushintshaniswa kwezobuchwepheshe, nezinye izinkambu. Ukuhunyushwa kanyekanye kuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka nokusebenza kahle kwengxoxo phakathi kwababekhona, kunika amandla inkhulumomholo engenamthungo phakathi kwezinhlangothi zombili nokwakha ibhuloho lokuxhumana ngezilimi.
Iqhaza lokuhumusha ngasikhathi sinye saseRussia akukhona ukufeza ukushintshaniswa kolimi kuphela, kepha futhi nokukhuthaza ukuxhumana nokubambisana phakathi kwamazwe ahlukene nezifunda, kanye nokuthuthukisa intuthuko yezomnotho, amasiko kanye nezobuchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesimo sokuhunyushwa komhlaba wonke, ukuhumusha kanyekanye nolimi lwaseRussia kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kufunwa.
2. Amakhono wobungcweti ekwakheni amabhuloho okuxhumana
Ikhono lobuchwepheshe leRussia Transhumutrona kanyekanye liyisisekelo sokwakha amabhuloho okuxhumana futhi sizuze inkhulumomphendvulwano engenamthungo. Okokuqala, abahumushi kudingeka babe nesisekelo solimi esiqinile kanye nolwazi olunzulu lokuqonda ngokunembile futhi babonise imibhalo yolimi lomthombo, futhi bahumushelwe olimini oluqondiwe.
Okwesibili, abahumushi badinga futhi ukuba nezindlela ezinhle zobungcweti kanye nokuziphatha, gcina isimo sengqondo sokungathathi hlangothi nenhloso, futhi bahumushe ngokungakhethi. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele babe namakhono amahle okusebenza ngokubambisana namakhono okuphendula okusheshayo ukuze aqinisekise ikhwalithi yokuhumusha.
Ngemuva kwalokho, abahumushi badinga nokuqhubeka nokufunda futhi bathuthukise ulwazi lwabo namakhono abuchwepheshe, baqhubeke nejubane lezikhathi, futhi bazivumelanise nezidingo zezikhathi ezahlukahlukene.
I-3. Ikhono elinazekayo lesicelo solimi namasiko
Isici esibalulekile sokuhumusha ngasikhathi sinye saseRussia yikhono eliphelele lesicelo solimi namasiko. Abahumushi kudingeka babe nolwazi olunzulu lwezizinda zamasiko kanye nokuqonda umehluko wamasiko ezinhlosweni ezibonisa ngokunembile nemiqondo ezimeni ezihlukile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abahumushi be-Professional Russian kanyekanye nabahumushi badinga ukuqonda amasiko ezenhlalo, imikhuba yokuziphatha, kanye namakhodi wokuziphatha kwamazwe akhuluma isiRussia ukugwema izingxabano zamasiko nokungaqondi ngesikhathi sokuhumusha.
Ikhono eliphelele lesicelo alihlanganisi ukuhumusha kwezinga lolimi kuphela, kepha futhi namandla okuqonda nokudlulisa umbhalo wolimi lomthombo kumongo, kanye nokusetshenziswa okufika ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwamagama afanele kanye nohlelo lokwenza ukuhumusha okusondelene nencazelo yasekuqaleni nemvelo futhi bushelelezi.
4. Amakhono okuxhumana nobuhlakani obungokomzwelo
Ibhuloho lezokuxhumana ekwakheni kanye nokuthola inkhulumomphendvulwano engenamthungo nalo lidinga ukuthi abahumushi basebenzise amakhono amahle okuxhumana nobuhlakani obungokomzwelo. Amakhono okuxhumana afaka amakhono okulalela, amandla okubonisa ngomlomo, kanye nekhono lokugcina ukusebenzisana okuhle nezilaleli ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okunembile kolwazi oluhunyushwe.
Ubuhlakani obungokomzwelo bubhekisa emandleni wabahumushi ukuze baqonde futhi bazise izimo zengqondo ezingokomzwelo zesikhulumi solimi lomthombo, futhi badlulisela ngokunembile kwizithameli zolimi okuqondiwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhunyushweni okukodwa njengoba kungadlulisela kangcono ithoni, imizwa, kanye nemininingwane ephelele yolimi lomthombo, okwenza womabili amaqembu aqonde kangcono futhi akwazi ukuxhumana.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhono okuxhumana nobuhlakani obungokomzwelo kungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuhumusha, okwenza ingxoxo phakathi kwawo womabili amaqembu akwazi ukukhuluma kahle futhi ahambisane nayo.
Ngengxoxo kule ndaba, siyabona ukuthi ukubaluleka kokuhumusha kwasekuqaleni kweRussia ekwakheni amabhuloho okuxhumana nokuthola inkhulumomholo engenamthungo ayinakwa. Abahumushi kudingeka babe nekhono lobuchwepheshe, ulimi oluphelele namakhono okusebenzisa amasiko, amakhono okuxhumana, nobuhlakani obungokomzwelo ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokuhumusha. Ngokuqhubekayo ngokuqhubekayo nokuthuthukisa amakhono abo kungahambisa kangcono izidingo zezinkambu ezahlukahlukene futhi kwakha ibhuloho elizinzile futhi elisebenzayo lokushintshana kwamanye amazwe nokubambisana.
Isikhathi Sokuposa: Jul-19-2024